The surfaces of Scytodes (above,
left) and Dolomedes (below, left) interact very differently with
water. Water wets the relatively hydrophilic surface of Scytodes
while, on the strongly hydrophobic surface of Dolomedes, water
forms spherical beads and the surface remains dry. The hydrophobicity of the surface of Dolomedes
makes it possible for spiders in this genus to inhabit the surfaces
of ponds and streams, remaining dry while they forage, escape from predators,
etc. A number of insects, like this water strider
(Gerridae), also have strongly hydrophobic surfaces that allow them
to inhabit the surfaces of ponds and streams. Note the dimples formed
when the weight of the strider, distributed among its six legs, is resisted
by the stretching of the water's surface tension. The variation in degrees of hydrophobicity
among arthropods remains to be adequately explained. This Chinese mantid,
for example, has strongly hydrophobic wings and legs but the thorax
is only weakly hydrophobic. Why the difference?